Literary Criticism Day 2 (Full Honors) - Feminist Literary Criticism
"Like 10 Things, She's the Man deploys Shakespeare's cultural capital to validate its essentialist views of gender and sexuality and to promote a conservative view of class and education through a canonical text, in this case Twelfth Night..."
Jennifer Clement
This entire Unit is, in many ways, trying to do the nearly impossible: To give students a good foundation on Modern Literary Criticism and have them read actual papers, actual journal articles - and to understand them. One way that I've attempted to do that is by constantly scaffolding and hooking the students in - on things that they already know. The Questions for Today - help with the reading; the introductory summaries of the school of Literary Criticism (for any given day) help them understand the reading that uses that school of Literary Criticism; the Group Work leads into the Solo Work. I also try to do that with the content as well. The first day's lesson is about Macbeth - something they know quite well. Starting today - the articles will center on Twelfth Night - a topic they also know (and that most of them quite enjoyed). The excerpt that they read for today (after the introductory articles) talks about Feminist Literary Criticism and Twelfth Night and uses that play's modern retelling - She's the Man to illustrate the huge gap between the play and film in terms of portraying feminist ideals. The students respond to - and "get" the article because so many (when I taught over 75%) of them were familiar with the movie, She's the Man. Clement's article, however, asks them to take a close look at the movie (and Twelfth Night) through a feminist critic's lens.
They will take a quiz on the reading, do the Group Work, and get started on their Solo Work. Everything we do in each day of this Unit, builds on what has come before - the students use each other's knowledge and one lesson is a scaffold for what is to come. In that way, they are able to learn, discuss, and digest much more than they ever could otherwise.
Lesson Overview - Literary Criticism Day 2 - Feminist Criticism, Twelfth Night, & She's the Man
The Readings for today (students have read these FOR today on their own time)
The readings for today are three-fold and may be found (mostly) below. The order that the students read them actually makes a huge difference. As with everything in this unit (I hope) one part builds upon what has done previously - and that is especially true in the readings. The first reading is an overview of what Feminist Literary Theory is exactly, including a wonderful explanation by Rex Gibson. The second reading by Jennifer Clement gives a critique of the film, "She's the Man" using a feminist lens (including a detailed discussion of Title IX) and how it actually subverts Shakespeare's "Twelfth Night".
What's Done in Class
The Quiz
As soon as the students arrive I hand them a quiz so that they can get started on it right away - and then get into their groups. After the first day students start arriving very early to get the quiz done - to maximize the time they have in class to work on the lesson. These quizzes are particularly hard to write (especially when we get to Deconstructionism). See my page on quizzes. Because I don't want to ask "understanding" questions - and because Literary Criticism is so intellectually challenging - it presents a special difficulty in asking questions that thread the needle between having done the reading - and understanding what it means. As soon as students turn in the quiz - you'll want to start grading.
Students who did NOT do the reading should not get into a group - but should instead do the reading now - during class - and do the Group Work part of the project for homework (without penalty for that part). Starting with Day 2 - the teacher will also come around to the Groups and quickly glance through the students' Literary Criticism Binders to make sure they are complete up to that day's work. If they aren't - it is the same as not having done the reading: They can use classtime to get caught up and do today's work for homework (in addition to what else is due for the next day).
The Second Handout on their Journals
Time to give out and quickly go over their Second Handout on their Literary Criticisim Journals. Now that they've done this for a day and a half - and this handout will help them understand anything else that may be confusing.
Group Work (see the actual Group Work for those questions)
Students who have done the reading (and they should know who they are - by this time of year it is rare to have to pull a student out of the group after seeing a failing quiz) are then allowed to get into a group. Because this unit is so intense - I have seen students change out of their normal group and find one (especially after the first few days) that is intense and focused. They want to get the Group Work done - done well - and have time to start on their Solo Work. Unlike my usual Group Work - this time everyone writes. They will be putting all of this in a binder which the teacher will check and give a grade to (with Group Work being one part of that grade). The silver-lining in this is that for once (Group Work wise) the students do not have to agree to their answers for the Group Work - they can discuss the question then put down whatever they believe to correct - and completely in their own words.
What's Done at Home
If they have any time left after the Group Work, they may get started on the homework segment of this lesson (beginning with the Solo Work).
Solo Work (see the actual Solo Work for those questions)
After finishing the Group Work - or at home, they need to do the Solo Work. Far fewer questions (and less in depth) - these questions are designed to build upon what they did as a group - only by themselves - giving the students confidence and a deeper (and different understanding) of this school of Literary Criticism.
Questions for Today
(labelled as Questions for Tomorrow in their binders as it is the very first entry in the next day's Literary Criticism Entry). See the actual Questions for Today for that content.
Two or three very short questions, that should be done BEFORE the next day's reading - to give them some ideas to be perculating in their brain - based on what we've already done in class this year - that will pertain to their reading for the next day.
The Next Day's Reading
Their final homework is to do the reading for the next day. By now (this time in the school year) they should be proficient note-takers. This is especially important with something as challenging as Literary Criticism where note taking is, for most students (and myself for that matter) the only possible path to having understanding of the reading.
Reading for Day 3: 1) New Historicism - An Overview 2) Slander in an Allowed Fool by Karin S. Coddon
Today's Reading - Literary Criticism Day 2 - Feminism & Modern Criticism
REMEMBER - THE ORDER THAT THESE READINGS ARE DONE IN - IS VERY IMPORTANT
The second reading by Rex Gibson can be found in Teaching Shakespeare by Rex Gibson - a link and description can be found below. It is an amazing and endlessly useful handbook for teachers.
Literary Criticism Day 2 Handout: Feminist Literary Criticism
See the description above - this is a two-sided handout with the Group Work, Solo Work, and that are related to today's school of Literary Criticism and the Questions for Today that are related to the next day's school of Literary Criticism. There are also informational boxes interspersed on the handout to give them help and clarification when needed.
REMEMBER: When the students get started on the Group Work make sure that they've 1) passed their quizzes and 2) done all the work up to what is due today.
Handout #2: More on your Literary Criticism Journals
Because this Unit has so much information - and the scaffolding is so intricate and demanding - it can seem confusing at times. This handout - given on purpose on the second day - after students have already done a complete day's worth of entries in their journal is designed to alleviate any confusion for the students (or you reading this for that matter). Remember - by now you should have gone around to the groups and quickly checked that students are up to date (or they should be taken out of group) - so you have already probably given some feedback to the students.
The handout goes over things such as the order and formatting of their Journals - as well as what is expected in their Free Thoughts section of their journals. On the back of the handout is another copy of "How to Read Essays You Must Analyze" (that they were given at the beginning of the year) from The University of Maryland Writing Center.
The Most Recent Quiz
See above for more on the how and why (and difficulty of writing quizzes related to Literary Criticism). IMPORTANT: I skim through the quizzes to spot students who didn't pass - so they don't get into (or stay) in a group. HOWEVER, if they didn't pass BUT can show me the copious notes they took while reading - I'll let them stay in a group.
Though the readings are long - the quizzes only count for 100 points - for two reasons. One - if they don't pass the quiz they aren't allowed to get into a group - that is incentive enough to read. More points is given to their notes on the reading and all the writing that they are doing about what they've read than the quizzes - and I continually stress to the students that getting a bad quiz grade will not sink their Literary Criticism grade.
Remote Teaching
I did not do Literary Criticism the year we were remote - but really there is no reason not to - with the greatest challenge is having students work in online groups - but by this time of year, they should be accustomed to it.
Today's reading includes an excerpt from the incredible, late Rex Gibson. If you don't have this book - I urge you to purchase it. It is invaluable in the classroom. Here is the description of the book it's from from Amazon: "Teaching Shakespeare has been a major contribution to the knowledge and expertise of all teachers of Shakespeare from primary upwards for two decades.... Teaching Shakespeare makes explicit the 'Active Shakespeare' principles which underpin Cambridge School Shakespeare and includes activities and advice to help teachers develop their existing good practice, making the learning of Shakespeare valuable and enjoyable for all involved."
Students are instructed to put this rubric on the first page of their Literary Criticism Binders. There are two check-ins - two grades for this unit - both of them unannounced - so students should be up to date at all times. In addition to being a rubric - it breaks down in great detail - exactly what is expected of them - including how many questions (or readings) there are for each part of each day's entries: Readings for that Day (notes are graded), Questions for Today, Group Work Questions, and Solo Work.
Because you don't want to deprive students of their Journals during this unit - I usually do the first check-in (Grading) while they are watching the first part of Exit Through the Gift Shop - I will only collect as many as I can get graded during that time - and will grade the rest the next day - during the class period - asking them to take out the work and readings that they need for that class. The second check-in is not so rushed and I usually collect the binders after the Final Exam to grade them.
NOTE: I always gave students a chance to revise their binders (journals) if they did it BEFORE the final. I told them that I would change the grade they got for Check-In #1 (the only checkin that I offered this) to an average of their original grade with what they would have gotten with the revised journal. In other words, if they got a 50 on the first check-in - and then they revised it, gave it to me (before the final on Literary Criticism) - and the new assessment of their Journal lands them what would have been a 90 - I will change the recorded grade for that check-in to a 70.
From the very beginning of the year - with their first Group Work on the Anglo-Saxons through their study of Queen Elizabeth, I have emphasized the idea that knowing the historical background of the literature that we are studying - is NOT that important. In fact, it can be distracting and misleading. Now, they will get a completely different perspective (something that I love doing as a teacher). The critical school of New Historicism proposes that it is completely necessary to understand the historical context of a text - and without that knowledge, you may end up with a invalid interpretation of that work.
WHAT CAME BEFORE:
Thoughts on the Lesson
Many of the students have fond memories of "She's the Man" and Clement's article asks them to take a different look at the film - a pretty negative one, to be honest. And I suppose that's part of what this unit sets out to do - to get students to reassess how they view any text - and how others view that text as well.