"Weave a circle round him thrice, / And close your eyes with holy dread
For he on honey-dew hath fed, / And drunk the milk of Paradise."
A Miracle of Rare Device Coleridge's "Kubla Khan": A short - it takes about 20-25 minutes or so - lesson - but it truly packs a strong punch and is different than anything else we did all year. The instructions are fairly simple: The students close their eyes and put their heads down and then the teacher, in their loudest, most dramatic voice reads "Kubla Khan" aloud. When the teacher finishes - the students sit up, and quickly - without speaking - draw on paper as much of the poem as they possibly can in about 5 to 10 minutes. They will start out fast - but as time goes on and they search their memories, they will slow down. The teacher calls time and all pencils go down. This is a "meta-lesson". The same kind of thing happened to Coleridge in his writing of the poem. He had a drug-induced dream, woke up feeling he had a 100 pages story in verse - but then someone knocked at his door and the memory vanished. All we have left are these few short, beautiful stanzas. The students LOVE this lesson and being able to put together its deeper meaning. Also - this lesson worked as well or better during Remote Learning (see the pictures below).
No quiz. It's crucial that the students haven't read this poem before today's lesson. Everything is self-contained within the 20 or so minutes that this lesson takes. Perhaps the student drawing (see below) can be considered as the quiz. I know that the lesson was important enough that if a student missed the day - I asked them to come in before or after school so that we could recreate it. As always I never wanted them missing out on what the others got.
When the students come in - I already have a single blank sheet of paper on each desk. I then ask them to get out a pen or pencil - whichever they draw better with. Then I tell them they are going to be listening for a while. They will be putting their heads down - but no falling asleep - there will be a test (a sure way to get them to listen) on what they listened to.
Now that I've got them all on edge - it's time to get them to relax and focus in order to get the most out of this activity. Most times I did this - I would now give them a short lesson on meditation.
Have them put their heads down and close their eyes.
Ask them to breathe in - then out. In then out. They should concentrate on their breathing trying to block everything else out of this mind. Call out the breaths and do this for about a minute.
Now it's the teacher's turn. In your most dramatic voice read the poem loudly and clearly. Make it dramatic - make it thrilling. It is such an image rich poem and it's important that you do this yourself (rather than an audio). They need the presence of the reader in the room.
Move around the room so your voice (and the poem) changes as you move. MAKE IT BIG!
When you get to the last three lines - slow down - quiet down - so the final line "And drunk the milk of Paradise" is almost a spoken whisper.
As soon as you finish - announce: "Everyone now sit up and DRAW what you heard - draw it quickly without stopping!" Tell them to DRAW not THINK. They need to be animated and they need to continuously draw without stopping.
After about 5-10 minutes, you will notice they will start slowing down. You need to guage this. Announce: "You only have a few more minutes - get as much down as you can."
After a few more minutes - announce: "Everyone put your pens/pencils down."
Your students should all be quite excited by this process (I know mine were). Now, your about to get a big groan. Ask your students to share what they drew. They don't need to put their name on their drawings - just pass them around. Everyone should get a chance to see what everyone else drew. There will be a lot of ooohs and ahhhhs and a lot of laughter. Make sure no one's feelings get hurt and I never allowed open criticism of anyone's drawing technique. This should take about 5 minutes.
After they are done sharing - ask the students to describe the drawing process. Every single time I did this - the most common thread in their answers was that as time went on - it became harder and hard to remember the specifics of the poem. Ahhhh
I then read to them a short background on Coleridge's writing of the poem (you can find it below, and on the Power Point in this lesson):
After taking laudanum and falling asleep in a drug-induced stupor – Colerdige found himself: “On awakening he appeared to himself to have a distinct recollection of the whole, and taking his pen, ink, and paper, instantly and eagerly wrote down the lines that are here preserved. At this moment he was unfortunately called out by a person on business from Porlock, and detained by him above an hour, and on his return to his room, found, to his no small surprise and mortification, that though he still retained some vague and dim recollection of the general purport of the vision, yet, with the exception of some eight or ten scattered lines and images, all the rest had passed away like the images on the surface of a stream into which a stone has been cast, but, alas! without the after restoration of the latter!”
After I finish reading - I usually pulled a dried dandelion from behind my back and blew it so the seeds flew around the room. I leave it up to the students to put the activity, Coleridge's experience, and the dandelion seeds together.
VERY IMPORTANT: Do not give the students this poem BEFORE you do today's activity. It's so important that they come "cold" to the text. As usual (starting about the 10th year of teaching) there is plenty of room for notes on this handout.
This is the Power Point that I created during Remote Learning to help focus the activity. I remember when we returned - and I contemplated using it for the same purpose but wisely decided it was, in this case, a distraction.
One year I actually did make a recording of this - and I'm so glad that I did. If you want to hear how the lesson goes - and my dramatic reading of "Kubla Kahn" - this is it.
One of the best lessons that I ever did remotely! You can see the pictures above to see just how well it did work. We had a lot of fun, and though it was different than doing it together, in person - it was just as effective.
In many ways Byron has always been a bit of an enigma to me. His poems, radically different from those of Wordsworth and Coleridge - the truest emphasis, to me, has always been in his glorious words. Over the years, my students loved his poetry. Perhaps it was his very "modern" lifestyle that earned him the reputation as "mad, bad, and dangerous to know"; but I think it was the modernity of his writing. His emphasis (at least in the poems we look at) on romantic love, heartbreak, and grief. The first three poems we look at "She Walks in Beauty", "So We'll Go no More a Roving" and "When We Two Parted" can be put together (by us - not him) and seen as a sad, powerful story - that all of the students can identify with.
This lesson is so great if you have a shortened period. It's also an incredible exercise in focus - and of course, the "meta" part - when the kids "get" the idea that what happened to them as they drew the poem and their memories faded - is a lesson that stays with the students for a long time.